A Modified Method for Creating Elastase-Induced Aneurysms by Ligation of Common Carotid Arteries in Rabbits and Its Effect on Surrounding Arteries

Abstract

Background and Purpose—Rabbit models of intracranial aneurysms are frequently used in pre-clinical
settings. This study aimed to demonstrate an alternative, extravascular method for creating elastase-induced
aneurysms, and how ligation of the right common carotid arteries (RCCA) can impact flow redistribution
into left CCA (LCCA).
Methods—Elastase-induced aneurysms in 18 New Zealand rabbits (4.14 ± 0.314 kg) were created by
applying 3–5 U of concentrated elastase solution to the exterior of the right and left CCA roots (RCCA and
LCCA). After the induction of the aneurysm, the aneurysm was either kept intact to the rest of the corresponding CCA, severed from the rest of the CCA to allow for a free standing aneurysm, or was anchored to
nearby tissue to influence the angle and orientation of the aneurysm with respect to the parent vessel. Ultrasound studies were performed before and after creation of aneurysms to collect blood flow measurements
inside the aneurysm pouch and surrounding arteries. Prior to sacrificing the animals, computed tomography
angiography studies were performed. Harvested aneurysmal tissues were used for histological analysis.
Results—Elastase-induced aneurysms were successfully created by the extravascular approach. Histological studies showed that the biological response was similar to human cerebral aneurysms and previously
published elastase-induced rabbit aneurysm models. Ultrasound measurements indicated that after the
RCCA was ligated, blood flow significantly increased in the LCCA at one-month follow-up.
Conclusion—An alternate method for creating elastase-induced aneurysms has been demonstrated. The
novel aspects of our method allow for ligation of one or both common carotid arteries to create a single or
bilateral aneurysm with an ability to control the orientation of the induced aneurysm.