Steroid Responsive Encephalopathy Associated with Autoantibodies to Thyroperoxidase (STREAT), Presenting with Acute Stroke in a Young Female Patient

CASE SUMMARY

A young lady in her mid-30s was presented with acute ischemic stroke, associated with encephalopathy, in the form of confusion and agitation. Clinical examination demonstrated a profound tachycardia and thyroid swelling. Subsequent investigations revealed a multinodular goiter, with elevated thyroperoxidase antibodies (TPO Ab), on serology. Treatment with high-dose intravenous corticosteroids leads to a prompt remission of the disease and related encephalopathy, and a dramatic clinical improvement in the patient.