The History of "Endovascular Surgical Neuroradiology" in the United States from a Neurological Perspective

Background— Endovascular surgical neuroradiology uses minimally invasive techniques to treat cerebrovascular
diseases. Although radiologists and neurosurgeons made significant contribution to this field, the role of neurologists
has been increased over the past few decades.
Purpose— This article aims to review the endovascular surgical neuroradiology from a neurological standpoint
and to elaborate the significant involvement and contribution of the neurologists to this field along with discussing
the initial challenges until endovascular surgical neuroradiology became recognized by Accreditation Council for
Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) as a fellowship training opportunity for neurologists.
Results— Currently, there are different pathways for neurologists to apply for the fellowship programs, resulting in
an increased number of neurologists in training and practice. Upon completion of neurology residency, neurologists
are required to complete a fellowship in either vascular neurology or neurocritical care in order to become eligible to
apply for endovascular surgical neuroradiology fellowship.
Summary— Endovascular surgical neuroradiology has been evolved over time. Neurologists have made a significant
influence on this field.